What is the state of the art in energy and transport poverty metrics? A critical and comprehensive review

This review investigates the state of art in metrics used energy (or fuel) and transport poverty with a view to assessing how these overlapping concepts may be unified their measurement. Our contributes ongoing debates over decarbonisation, politically sensitive crucial aspect transition, one that could exacerbate patterns inequality or vulnerability. Up 125 million people across European Union experience effects daily lives. A more comprehensive understanding breadth depth conditions is therefore paramount. assessed 1,134 articles critically analysed deeper sample 93. In terms use metrics, we find multiple indicators are better than any single metric composite. We work remains conducted sphere before can fully those poverty, namely stipulation travel standards. Without such standards, our ability unify both fields potentially alleviate simultaneously limited. The difficulties defining necessary necessitate further vulnerability lenses holistic assessments focused on services.